Refrigerating apparatus



Oct. 28, 1.930. H. B. HULL REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 29I 1924 Il .N

juz/517755"- M www DTIZE Patented Oct. 28, 1930 ulsurlam STATES PATENT oFFl-CE l HARRY n. HULL, or DAYTON, omo, Assrenon, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To FRIGID- Aran conronATroN, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Application led March 29, 1924. Serial No. 702,971.

This invention relates to refrigerating systems and particularly to systems ofthe absorption type in which there is provided a generator which is adapted to be heated and cooled intermittently. l

One of the objects of the present'invention is to simplify the construction of the generator whereby ready access may be had to the heating and the cooling elements. In

carrying out this object there is provided a generator having a removable unit including the heating and cooling elements.

Another object of the present invention is to simplify the construction of the' generator by minimizing the connections to and from said generator.A

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, r'eference vbeing had to the accompanying drawings, wherein apreerred embodiment of. one form of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings: Fig.' 1 is a fragmentary section view of a refrigerator cabinet showing a refrigerating system including the improved generator.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the generator taken on line 2-2of Fig. 1. a

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line so 3-3 of Fig. 2.`

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, 20 is a refrigerator cabinet including a food compartment 21 and a cooling compartment 22 suitably insulated 'frtrom oneanother by insulation 23, and from .the exterior by insulation 24. The food compartment 21 and cooling compartment 22 are` connected by passages 26 and 27 which form passages for the circulation of relatively warm air from the food compartment 21 to the coollng compartment 22, and the'cold air passage from the cooling compartment 22 to the food compartment 21, respectively. The food compartment 21 and cooling compartment 22 form an L-shaped A wall 28 carrying insulation 29 whichi'n turn carries an L-shaped frame 30. The insulating wall 29 and the frame 30 form a wall 50 for a machine compartment 31.. -The refrigerating apparatus 32 is partly located 'within the machine compartment 31 and a partment 22. Frame 36 carries pipes 43, 44,

and 45 at a portion of said frame which is adjacent the opening 33. One end of pipe 43 is connected with a water receiver 47 located 4within the machine compartment 31 and at the other end with a reservoir 48 which is carried above the evaporator-condenser: y42. Reservoir 48 is provided with a plurality of outlet pipes, such'as pipe 49, forconducting water to the upper surfaceas the evaporator-- condenser 42. One end of pipe 44 is connected to a mercury valve 50 located in the machine compartment while the other end of said pipe is connected to the lpper end of ahead 51 of the evaporator 42. Pipe 45 is connected at one end with the valve 50 while the other end is connected to the lower end of v head 51. Pipes 43, 44 and 45 extend throu h the passage 33. Generator 40is connected gy inlet pipe 53 and outlet pipe 54 with the valve 50.

The water receiver 47 is provided with two com artments 55 and 56 separated from one anot er by awall 57. Pipev43 is connected with compartment 56 apd a pipe 58 connects the compartment 55 wlth the generator 40. A water tank 60 is located above the receiver 47 and is provided with an'inlet pipe 61 and an overflow pipe 62. A spout 63 is adapted to conduct water from the tank 60 into either compartment 455 or 56.

pivotally mounted upon the bracket 37 at 38.

The generator 40 includes a cylindrical shell 65 to which are welded end caps 66 and 67. Pipes 53 and 54 extend through the shell 65. Inlet pipe 53 terminates adjacent the bottom of the shell, and outlet pipe 54 terminates adjacent the top wall. A receptacle is provided with a flange 71 located outside the reservoir to which is attached the base 72 of a unit which includes a heating coil 73 carried within a tube 74 which projects within the receptacle and is sealed therefrom. Tube 74 is spaced from the walls of the receptacle 70 by spiders 75 and 76 suitably secured to the tube 74. The heating coil 73 is connected with terminals 78 and 79 which are adapted to dip into mercury cups 80 and.81 to completethe circuit to the coil. The receptacle 70 is arranged at a slight angle within the generator 40 whereby the cooling medium which is conducted thereto will drain toward a passage 82. Passage 82 is formed by turning over the lower edge of the receptacle 70 adjacent the base 74. One of the upper arms of the spider and one ofthe lower arms of the spider 76 are provided with holes adapted to carry a tube 84 which eX- tends through the base 72 and is connected to pipe 58 by a coupling 85. Wateris adapted to be conducted through the pipes 58 and `84 to the upper end of the tube 70 from where it Will drain, due to the inclinations of receptacle 70 through the passage 82 and upon the base 30 whence it drains through a pipe 86 out of the refrigerator.

The base 72, cooling pipe 84 and the heating coil 73 form a unit which is attached to the flange 71 by a screw 87.

The function of the mercury valve 50 is to control the flow of refrigerant in the pipes 44, 45, 53 and 54. When the refrigerating apparatus is in the position shown, the valve 50 is tilted to such position that the mercury therein immerses the ends of pipes 45 and 54 to prevent the passage of refrigerant therethrough. When the refrigerator is tilted to its other position, communication is established between the pipes 45 and 54.

A cup 90 carried by a wall of compartment 22 is adapted to receive a stud 91. This cup receives Water from the pipe 49 in a manner not shown. After the apparatus has been moved to the position shown, the water is frozen in the cup 90 and thereby locks stud 91 in position for a purpose to be described.

In the position shown in Fig. 1, the heat- Iing coil 73 is rendered inoperative and the refrigerating apparatus is tilted to Such a position that the water from the tank `60 is being conducted by spouts 63 into compartment 55, whereby Water is conducted through the pipes 58 and 84 into the receptacle 70. lVater flowing into the receptacle 70 will cool the absorbent which is contained within the generator 40. The cooling of the absorbent will cause saine to absorb the refrigerant medium. As the refrigerant is vaporized within the evaporator-condenser 42, it will flow through pipe 44 into valve 50. Since the outlet to pipe 45 and 54 at this time is closed, the refrigerantmust pass through pipe 53 and therefore must pass to the lower portion of the generator 40 where it is absorbed by the absorbent as it bubbles through said absorbent. This cycle of operation continues until substantially all the refrigerant is evaporated from the evaporator-condenser 42, and after the cooling compartment increases in temperature, the ice within the ice cup 90 melts to release the ice stud 91. Since substantially all of the refrigerant has now been absorbed by the absorbent within the generator 40, that portion of the .refrigerating apparatus within the machins compartment 32 will overbalance that within the cooling compartment 22 whereby the entire refrigerating apparatusl will rock counterclockwise about pivot 38. When this occurs terminals 78 and 79 will make electrical connections with the mercury in the cups and 81 to complete the circuit to the heating coil 73. When this rocking operation takes place the receiver 47 is also moved whereby the water from the tank 60 will be conducted to the compartment 56. Water will then How through pipe 43 into reservoir 48 and from there it is distributed into pipes 49 where it will be conducted over the evaporator-condenser 42. Since 'the evaporator-condenser 42 is now tilted upwardly the water from pipes 49 will ow over the evaporator-condenser 42 toward the machine compartment. The water will fiow through the hollow arm 41 and will be conducted by spout 92 to the base 30 and then drained through pipe 86.

When the electrical coil 73 is energized the absorbent and refrigerant solution will be heated and the refrigerant will vaporize.l The vaporized refrigerant will then pass through `pipe 54 into valve 50. The valve 50 is now tilted and the outlet to pipe 45 will be opened and gas will then be permitted to pass through said pipe into the head 51 and into the evaporator-condenser 42. The heating Icycle continues until substantially all of the refrigerant is driven out of the absorbent, at which time the refrigerant within the evaporator-condenser 42 will increase the weight of the evaporator-condenser sufficiently to overbalance that portion of the refrigerating apparatus contalned in machine compartment 32 to cause the refrigerating apparatus to rock into position shown.

When this occurs the electrical circuit is again broken to the heating coil 73 and water is conducted into the receptacle 70. After the evaporator-condenser 42 'becomes cool, due to the absorption of the gas within the generator, the water within the ice lock cup 90 will freeze and lock stud 91 in position before the weight of the generator, due to the absorption of gas, -is suicent to overbalance the Weight of the evaporator-condenser42. In this manner the refrigerating-apparatus is maintained in the evaporating position even after the Weight-of the generator is suilicient to overbalance the evaporator-condenser end.

From the foregoing description it is apparent that there has been provided a generator for absorption refrigeration apparatus which is simple in construction and which can be made at a relatively low cost. The heating-cooling unit can be assembled before mounting same within the generator and can be readily detached therefrom by merely detaching pipe 58 from pipeSll at coupling 85 and then removing screw 87.- It will be noted that in the present construction only gone welded connection is necessary for both the heating coil and the cooling element, namely, the connection at which the receptacle 70 is welded to the end cap 66.

. While the form of embodiment of the present inventionas herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming Within the scope of the claims which follow. What is claimed is as follows: 1. -In a refrigerating system of the absorption type, a generator-absorber com rising:

a reservoir for the absorbentand refrigerant,

a receptacle sealed from said reservoir but in close thermal association therewith, a heating device contained within said receptacle for heating said reservoir during the generatin phase, and avductv for conducting a .coollng liquid into said receptacle for cooling both said heatin device and said reservoir durin the absor ing phase.

2. n a refrigerating system of the absorption type, a generator-absorber comprising: a reservoir for the absorbent and refrigerant,

a receptacle sealed from said reservoir'but in close thermal association therewith, a heating device contained Within said receptacle for heating s id reservoir during the generating phase, aild a duct for conducting a cooling liquid into said receptacle to substantially form a cooling jacket about said heating device therein during the absorbing phase.

3. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a generator-absorber for containing absorbent, a receptacle extending into the absorbent and sealed therefrom, a heating device in the receptacle for heating the vabsorbent, and a conduit for conducting cooling medium into the receptacle for'cooling the absorbent. v

4. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a generator-absorber for containing absorbent, a receptacle extending into the absorbent and sealed therefrom, anda heating and cooling unitextending into said receptacle, said unit including a heating coil for heating the absorbent and a conduit for-condium into the receptacle for cooling the absorbent.

5. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a generator-absorber for containing absorbent, a receptacle extending into the absorbent and sealed therefrom, anda heating and cooling unit extending into said receptacle, said unit including a heating coil for heating the absorbent and a conduit for conducting a cooling medium over the Wall of the receptacle for cooling the absorbent.

6. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a generator-absorber. for containing absorbent, a receptacle extending into the absorbent and sealed therefrom, and a heating and cooling unit carried by a Wall of the receptacle and extending into the receptacle, said unit including a heating coil for heating the absorbent and a conduit for conducting cooling medium for cooling the absorbent.

7. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a generator-absorber for containing absorbent, a receptacle having a portion extending into the generator-absorber and a Wall outside of the generator-absorber, a. heating device extending into the receptacle and adapted to heat the absorbent and a conduit for conducting cooling medium into said receptacle for cooling the absorbent, said heatingudevice and conduit being carried by said wa 8. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a vgenerator-absorber for containing absorbent, areceptacle havin a portion ex tending into the generator-a sorber and a walloutside of the generator-absorber, and a heating and cooling unit carried by said wall, andextending into said receptacle, said unit including a heating coil for heating the ab. sorbent and a` conduit for conducting cooling medium4 for cooling the absorbent.

9. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus, a generator-absorber for containing absorbent, a receptacle havin aportion extending into the generator-a sorber and a Wall outside of the generatorabsorber,said wall having an opening for. establishing communication from the interior of the receptacle to the atmosphere, a heating unit extending into the receptacle and adapted to heat the absorbent, a conduit for conducting cooling medium into the receptacle for cooling the absorbent, said opening in the Vunit carried within said receptacle, said unit being spaced from the wall of said receptacle, and means for conducting a cooling medium betlween said unit and the wall of the receptace. f

11. In an absorption refri erating apparatus, a generator-absorber 01` containing absorbent, a receptacle having a. portion extending into seid reservoir and sealed therefrom, and a Wall having an opening for es tablishing communication from the interior of the receptacle to atmosphere, another wall of said receptacle being inclined slightlj,7 and adapted to conduct a liquid toward said opening, and means for conducting a liquid to said inclined Wall.

In testimony whereof I hereto aix my signature.

' HARRY E. HULLe www3 

